Anter
- Nā kānāwai male male a me ka mōʻaukala laikini mare
- ʻO nā ʻaelike male mua
- ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o ka paʻi o Banns
- ʻO ka maka o ka hoʻokalakupua i ka Hema ʻAmelika
- Ke piʻi ʻana o ka Moku Aupuni Mana Aupuni
- Ka male male kāne
- He ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke kipi laikini
ʻOiai ko lākou hoʻohana maʻamau i kēia mau lā, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili mau ʻia ka laikini male maikaʻi i ka lepa o ka nohona kamaʻāina.
Nui nā nīnau e haʻohaʻo nei kekahi e pili ana i ke kumu o ka laikini male.
He aha ka mōʻaukala laikini mare? I ka manawa hea i hoʻokumu ʻia ai ka laikini male? I ka manawa hea i hoʻopuka mua ʻia ai nā laikini male? He aha ke kumu o ka laikini male? No ke aha e koi ʻia ai nā laikini male? I ka manawa hea i hoʻomaka ai nā mokuʻāina i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā laikini male? A ʻo wai ka mea hoʻopuka i nā laikini male?
ʻAno nui, he aha ka moʻolelo laikini male ma ʻAmelika? Hauʻoli mākou i kāu noi ʻana mai.
E nānā pū: Pehea e kiʻi ai i kahi palapala Mare
Nā kānāwai male male a me ka mōʻaukala laikini mare
ʻAʻole ʻike maopopo ʻia nā laikini male ma mua o ka hōʻea ʻana o ke au waena. Akā i ka manawa hea i hāʻawi ʻia ai ka laikini male mua?
I ka mea a mākou e kapa aku ai ʻo ʻEnelani, ua hoʻolauna ʻia ka laikini male mua e ka hale pule e 1100 C.E. ʻEnelani, kahi mea kākoʻo nui o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka ʻike i loaʻa i ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka laikini male, ua lawe aku i ka hana i nā panalāʻau komohana e 1600 C.E.
ʻO ka manaʻo o a Ua paʻa nā aʻa paʻa ma ʻAmelika i ka wā o ka noho kolone. I kēia lā, ke kaʻina hana o ka waiho ʻana i kahi noi no kahi laikini male e ʻae ʻia ka hana ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
I kekahi mau wahi, ʻo ka mea nui loa o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, nā palapala laikini male ʻāpono ʻia e ka mokuʻāina e hoʻomau i ka nānā ʻana i nā kaiāulu e manaʻoʻiʻo nei he ʻekahi ka hale pule a ʻōlelo wale nō e pili ana i kēlā mau mea.
ʻO nā ʻaelike male mua
I nā lā mua o ka hoʻopuka ākea ʻana o nā laikini male, ua hōʻike ʻia nā laikini male kahiko i kahi ʻano o ka hana ʻoihana.
ʻOiai ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā hihia pilikino ma waena o nā lālā o ʻohana ʻelua, ua ʻike ʻia nā laikini ma ke ʻano he ʻaelike.
I loko o kahi honua patristic, ʻaʻole paha i ʻike ka wahine i ka "ʻaelike" e alakaʻi nei i ka hoʻololi o nā waiwai, nā lawelawe, a me nā paʻa kālā ma waena o ʻohana ʻelua.
ʻOiai, ʻo ka hopena o ka hui male ʻaʻole wale no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka manaʻolana o ka hānau ʻana, akā ʻo ka pili pū kekahi, ka pili kālā, a me nā pili politika.
Eia kekahi, i loko o ka hui o ka mokuʻāina i ʻike nui ʻia ma ka inoa ʻo Church of England, nā kāhuna, nā bihopa, a me nā kāhuna pule ʻē aʻe i ʻōlelo nui i ka ʻae ʻana i kahi male.
Ma ka hopena, ua hoʻonāukiuki ʻia ka mana o ka hale pule e ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kānāwai o ka honua e pili ana i ka laikini male.
ʻOiai ke hana nei i kahi kahawai loaʻa kālā no ka mokuʻāina, ua kōkua nā laikini i nā kaona e hana i ka ʻike helu. I kēia lā, aia nā moʻolelo male ma waena o nā helu helu waiwai e mālama ʻia e nā lāhui i kūkulu ʻia.
ʻO ka hōʻea ʻana o ka paʻi o Banns
I ka hoʻonui ʻana a me ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana o ka hale pule o ʻEnelani i kona mana a puni ka ʻāina a me kāna mau kolone ikaika i ʻAmelika, ua ʻāpono nā hale pule kolone i nā kulekele laikini i mālama ʻia e nā hale pule a me nā luna hoʻokolokolo ma ʻEnelani.
Ma nā kūlana mokuʻāina a me nā hale pule, he "Publication of Banns" i lawelawe ʻia ma ke ʻano he palapala kūlana o ka male. ʻO ka Publication of Banns kahi ala ʻē aʻe i ka laikini male ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
Aia nō, he palapala ko ka Waihona Puke o Mokuʻāina ʻo Virginia e wehewehe ana i nā bann ma ke ʻano he hoʻolaha ākea ākea.
Ua kaʻanalike waha ʻia nā Banns ma ke kikowaena o ke kaona a i ʻole paʻi ʻia i loko o nā puke kaona no ʻekolu mau pule ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka nuptial.
ʻO ka maka o ka hoʻokalakupua i ka Hema ʻAmelika
Ua hōʻike ākea ʻia ma 1741 ke kolone o North Carolina i ka hoʻokolokolo ma luna o ka male. I kēlā manawa, ʻo ka hopohopo mua ka male interracial.
Ua ʻimi ʻo North Carolina e pāpā i ka male waena ma o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā laikini male i ka poʻe i manaʻo ʻia he ʻae no ka male.
E nā 1920s, ʻoi aku ma mua o 38 mau mokuʻāina i ka US i hana i nā kulekele like a me nā kānāwai e hāpai a mālama i ka maʻemaʻe lāhui.
Ma luna o ka puʻu i ka mokuʻāina o Virginia, ke kānāwai pili pono lāhui (RIA) o ka mokuʻāina - i hoʻoholo ʻia ma 1924 i pāpā ʻole ʻia nā kāne mai nā lāina ʻelua. Kupaianaha, aia ka RIA ma nā puke ma Virginia Law a hiki i ka 1967.
I loko o ke au o ka holoi ʻana i ka loli lāhui, ua hoʻolaha ka ʻAha Hoʻokolokolo Kiʻekiʻe o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e kūʻē loa ana ka mokuʻāina o Virginia i ka male interracial.
Ke piʻi ʻana o ka Moku Aupuni Mana Aupuni
Ma mua o ke kenekulia 18, noho ka male ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ke kuleana mua o nā hale pule kūloko. Ma hope o ke kau inoa ʻia o kahi laikini male i hāʻawi ʻia e ka hale pule e kahi luna, ua kau inoa ʻia me ka mokuʻāina.
Ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19, ua hoʻomaka nā mokuʻāina like ʻole e pili i ka male-law. I ka hopena, ua hoʻoholo nā mokuʻāina e hoʻokau i ka nui o ka mea e ʻae ʻia e mare i loko o nā palena o ka mokuʻāina.
E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ua ʻimi ke aupuni i ka kaohi o nā laikini male e hōʻuluʻulu i ka ʻike helu. Eia hou, ka hāʻawi ʻana o nā laikini i hāʻawi ʻia i kahi kahawai loaʻa mau.
Ka male male kāne
Mai ka mahina ʻo Iune 2016, ua ʻae ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i nā uniona kāne like. ʻO kēia ka honua koa wiwo ʻole o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka laikini male.
ʻOiaʻiʻo, hiki i nā hoa kāne like kāne ke hele i loko o nā hale hoʻokolokolo o ka ʻāina a loaʻa ka laikini e ʻike ʻia ko lākou hui e nā mokuʻāina.
ʻOiai ke waiho nei ka ʻōlelo hoʻoholo a ka 'Aha Hoʻokolokolo Kiʻekiʻe i kēia hihia i wahi paio me nā hale pule,' o ia ke kānāwai maopopo o ka 'āina.
He ʻōlelo e pili ana i ke kipi laikini
I loko o nā makahiki 1960, nui nā hoa i kūʻē i nā aupuni e ka hōʻole loa i ka manaʻo o kahi laikini male. Ma kahi o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā laikini, noho wale kēia mau kāne.
Ke hōʻole nei i ka manaʻo ʻo "kahi ʻāpana pepa" i wehewehe i ka pono o ka pilina, ua hoʻomau ka noho ʻana o nā kāne me ka hānau ʻana me ka ʻole o kahi palapala paʻa ma waena o lākou.
ʻOiai i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o kēia lā, ʻae kahi hui o nā Kristiano fundamentalist i kā lākou poʻe ukali i ke kuleana e mare me ka ʻole o kahi laikini i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mokuʻāina i ka lima.
ʻO kekahi keonimana, kekahi kuhina, nona ka inoa ʻo Matt Trewhella, ʻaʻole e ʻae i nā ʻaha kupa o Mercy Seat Christian Church ma Wauwatosa, Wisconsin, e mare inā hāʻawi lākou i kahi laikini.
Nā manaʻo hope loa
ʻOiai he ebb a e kahe ana ka manaʻo i nā laikini male i nā makahiki i hala, maopopo leʻa eia nā palapala ma aneʻi e noho ai.
ʻAʻole pili hou me ka hoʻololi o nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe ma waena o nā ʻohana, he hopena ka laikini i ka ʻoihana waiwai ma hope o ka pau ʻana o ka male.
I ka hapanui o nā mokuʻāina, pono e mahele like nā poʻe i male me ka mana o kahi laikini i nā waiwai i loaʻa ma o ka papa o ka male e koho lākou e hoʻopau i ka hui.
ʻO ke kumu kēia: ʻO ka loaʻa kālā a me nā waiwai i loaʻa i ka wā o ka male e pono e kaʻana like ʻia ma waena o nā ʻaoʻao i koho e "lilo i hoʻokahi kino" i ka hoʻomaka o ka hui hoʻomaikaʻi. He mea kūpono ia, ʻaʻole ʻoe e noʻonoʻo?
Mahalo i nā laikini male, e nā hoaaloha. Hāʻawi lākou i ka legitimacy i ka ʻuniona inā loaʻa nā pilikia kū kānāwai ma ke ala. Eia kekahi, kōkua nā laikini i nā mokuʻāina e lawe i kahi moʻokāki maikaʻi o kā lākou poʻe a me ko lākou kūlana i ke ola.